Page 1 direct and indirect speech rules pdf table of contents identify reported speech and reported speech direct and indirect speech punctuation rules use of conjunction that rules for changing pronouns in indirect speech indirect speech rules for all tenses rules for change in time and adverb in indirect speech. This page will help you to understand basics of direct indirect speech with easy understanding. Reported speech english as a second language esl worksheet. Reported or indirect speech occurs when you tell somebody else what you or another person said before. Reported speech atau indirect speech adalah suatu cara mengungkapkan apa yang orang lain speaker telah katakan secara langsung direct speech yang dapat berupa pernyataan, pertanyaan, atau ucapan lainnya dengan mengubah format pembicaraan tersebut sehingga menjadi lebih jelas, alami, dan efisien bagi pendengarnya. Direct and indirect speech exercise english grammar. Reported speech test exercises multiple choice questions.
Backshift of tenses verb tenses direct speech reported speech pronounsverb tenses simple present do you i am a carpenter. Mary said that if she had won the lottery, she would have bought a house. Lets first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and. We have compiled complete information about direct and indirect speech in english grammar along with the practice questionsexercises and answers in pdf format for free download. Pengertian, contoh kalimat reported speech indirect speech. Indirect speech is paraphrasing what someone said or wrote. Sometimes someone says a sentence, for example im going to the cinema tonight. Intermediate level upper intermediate advanced level home. In indirect speech, the structure of the reported clause depends on whether the speaker is reporting a statement, a question or a command. Structure formal aspects we can find different ways of expressing the direct speech. Introduction there are two ways of relating what a person has said. In the following questions, a sentence has been given in direct indirect. If you want to download direct and indirect speech rules in pdf, you are at right place.
English grammar reported speech 3 all those changes represent the distancing effect of the reported speech. Solved examples with detailed answer description, explanation are given and it would be easy to understand. Direct and indirect speech verbal ability questions. Direct and indirect speech complete general english grammar material pdf free download for competitive exams with practice questions exercise and answers. A collection of english esl reported speech indirect speech worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach a. Direct and indirect speech sentences are really very helpful to learn english but how to teach direct and indirect speech is a big art and this can be done through direct indirect speech rules and narration rules so we are providing a direct and indirect speech rules chart and some reported speech worksheet and direct indirect speech examples and finally direct and indirect speech quiz which. To do that, we need to change verb tenses present, past, etc. Direct and indirect speech belajar grammar bahasa inggris. Are you feeling past continuous simple past i was there last year.
Reported speech or indirect speech free english grammar. Pdf english grammar reported speech reported speech. Phrase in direct speech, equivalent in reported speech. University of groningen between direct and indirect speech. Prepared by abdul rauf baloch government boys secondary school bhiroo village, uc1 gadap town karachi. Jadi, indirect speech reported speech digunakan bila kita ingin melaporkan katakata seseorang kepada orang lain secara tak. Later, maybe we want to tell someone else what the first person said. Examples include sexual comeons, veiled threats, polite requests, and concealed bribes. Tense changes when using reported speech english grammar.
Change these direct questions into reported speech. Common sense, together with the time aspect from the speakers point of view, are more important than the rules when. English esl reported speech indirect speech worksheets. The model of action is used to develop rules that characterize a large number of indirect speech act forms. You can expect to see direct questions on direct indirect speech in all exams related to ssc be it ssc cgl, chsl, stenographer or others. Indirect speech requires a reporting verb to take the place of the quotation marks used in direct speech. Direct indirect speechnarration part 1 rulestricks in. Simple present tense usually changes to the simple past in reported speech. Reported speech also called indirect speech relates what the person said, but does not use the exact words. Simple past present continuous im working at the moment.
The basic tip to recognize the difference between direct and indirect speech is that in case of direct speech we use inverted commas which are not used in case of indirect speech. When we tell people what another person said or thought, we often use reported speech or indirect speech. I always drink coffee, she said, she said that she always drank coffee. Say vs tell exercises subjunctive that clause reported speech examples 1 1. Direct and indirect speech general english grammar.
The students may notice that verb tenses change in reported speech. Reported speech test exercises multiple choice questions with answers advanced level 33 18 free online english grammar quizzes tests exercises about reported speech test exercises multiple choice questions with answers advanced level 33. Keep reading to understand how to use reported speech and download this free english lesson. The most dominant type of speech act that is used in the interview transcript is direct speech act 103. Further, we use the word that in general, in indirect speech. When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact. She asked me what i was going to do at the weekend. Rules for converting direct to indirect in englisg grammar pdf. Reported speech worksheets, pdf exercises, handouts to print.
Lots of reported speech exercises practise using free interactive quizzes. Computational implications of the theory are discussed. You may also find that your knowledge of the rules of. In direct speech we repeat the original speakers exact words. The file contains direct and indirect speech rules for question sentences reported speech for tenses, imperative, optative and exclamatory sentences. Direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in direct indirect and mark your answer. The part of the whole sentence in which the actual words of the speaker are written within the inverted commas is called the reported speech, and the verb used in this part is called reported verb. In writing, it functions to move a piece along by boiling down points that an interview source made. Unlike direct speech, indirect speech is not usually placed inside quote marks. Bobby will say that he has already done direct and indirect exercises. Direct and indirect exercises with answers quoted and. However, both are attributed to the speaker because they come directly from a source.
See the sentences below with direct and indirect speech forms, these are great references to understand the difference. Learn the changes of pronouns in reported speech in english with useful grammar rules and example sentences. Therefore, you need to learn how to transform direct speech into reported speech. For example, present tenses become past, i becomes he or she, and my becomes his or her, etc. Reported speech is also known as indirect speech and is used to tell somebody else what another person said.
She said that she had been sleeping when julie called. Obviously, if you report what somebody else has said, you y do not normally use the speakers exact words direct speech, but reported indirect speech. Difference between direct and indirect speech with rules. When people speak, they often insinuate their intent indirectly rather than stating it as a bald proposition. Direct and indirect narration in english grammer pdf download. In part 1 of this lesson on indirect reported speech, we will be looking at how we report statements, and the changes we must make to the original sentence. This is a handout i prepared for my students to learn reported speech. This is an interactive activity for teachers and students. Using reported speech in english can sometimes be difficult for nonnative speakers as we usually change the verbs, pronouns and specific times. From the analysis, it is found that both direct speech acts and indirect speech acts are used in the interview transcript. I hope the direct and indirect exercises was helpful to you and if you would like to know more about direct or quoted speech, or indirect or reported speech, check out more in the given links below. You often need to change verbs and pronouns to keep the original meaning. For converting direct speech into indirect speech, present modals e.
Reported speech reported statements when do we use reported speech. Direct and indirect speech exercises with answers pdf. Reported speech 1 statements grammar intermediate to upper. Typed by ozair ahmed baloch government boys primary school sammu village, uc1 gadap town karachi.
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